Project Management 101
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Weston & Sampson · AEC LEAD
Weston & Sampson
Project Management · Module 1 · Week 1 Quick Reference

Module 1 · Project Pursuit · Week 1 · Reference

The Business of a Project

How client revenue becomes firm performance, and how one project contributes to it. Keep this guide available on the job, not only this week.

Quick Reference · front and backVersion 2.0
Use this side to explain how project revenue funds the firm, or to evaluate how a project's scope, effort, or staffing affects its result. Every project inherits assumptions created during pursuit. Use this guide to understand what those assumptions affect.
1

The business system

How the business system works

Weston & Sampson earns net service revenue after direct expenses, such as subconsultants and other project costs the firm passes through. Net service revenue funds direct labor, overhead, and profit at the same time, not in sequence.

Profit, in turn, supports the firm's capacity to invest, retain employee owners, and take on future growth.

GrossRevenue DirectExpenses ReimbursableExpenses Net ServiceRevenue = Direct Labor Overhead Profit Net service revenue funds these three at the same time, not in sequence.
Net service revenue, and what it funds. Gross Revenue − Direct Expenses − Reimbursable Expenses = Net Service Revenue, which funds direct labor, overhead, and profit at the same time.
Use this view to: See what a project's fee actually has to cover once direct expenses are removed.
2

One unit of the business model

How one billable hour works

The business system above describes how Weston & Sampson earns and spends every dollar of net service revenue. The billing rate applies that same model to a single unit of effort, one billable hour from one employee. Wage, overhead, and profit are all still there, just scaled down to a size a project manager can price and schedule.

A direct labor cost of $35 per hour, run through the firm's confirmed direct labor multiplier, produces a billing rate near $114 per hour.

Billing Rate = Direct Labor Cost × Direct Labor Multiplier

Rate components current as of July 2026. Confirm with finance before quoting.

Billing Rate: $114/hr Profit target · $23/hr Overhead allocation · $56/hr Wage cost · $35/hr Funds growth and ownership return. Rent, software, marketing, and non-billing staff. The employee's direct hourly pay.
Billing rate, one hour. Wage, overhead, and profit together determine the rate the firm bills.
  • ?Does the proposed rate support the firm's cost structure?
  • ?What happens to the result if the rate is reduced?
Use this view to: Understand what a rate has to cover before changing the labor mix or discounting the fee.
3

The business model, scaled up

How one project contributes

If the billing rate captures the firm's business model in a single unit of effort, a project's fee and performance reflect that same business model across a collection of efforts. When we build the fee, estimate the effort, and execute the project, we are running a small business inside the Weston & Sampson business.

Scope, effort, staffing, and fee meet on every project. Schedule paces the work. Risk is uncertainty that can change any of these assumptions.

This project's fee is $250,000. Direct expenses total $45,000, leaving $205,000 in net service revenue, the amount Weston & Sampson earns with its own labor. Scoping, effort, and staffing are what build that fee in the first place: scope sets what the team will do, effort estimates how many hours that scope will take, and staffing puts people against those hours. The figure below shows how those three inputs run into the fee, with schedule and risk acting on it from the side.

The project manager monitors the assumptions built into the fee and acts when scope, effort, staffing, schedule, or risk changes.

Scope Effort Staffing Fee Risk affects scope, effort, schedule, staffing, or cost Schedule affects timing Project Result compared with the assumptions in the fee
Scope to project result. Compared with the assumptions in the fee. Risk affects the fee; schedule affects staffing.
  • ?What assumptions created the fee?
  • ?Is actual effort tracking with planned effort?
Use this view to: Identify changes in scope, effort, staffing, schedule, or risk before they undermine the project plan.

Once this project is awarded, its fee becomes booked work, revenue the firm can already plan against. Add it to the estimated value of the work still in pursuit, and the firm can predict the conditions it is planning into.

4

Pursuit to forecast

How pursuit decisions become forecasts

Estimated NET Revenue is the projected Net Service Revenue recorded for an opportunity before award. After award, actual project performance determines the Net Service Revenue the firm earns. Multiplied by win probability, Estimated NET Revenue produces the weighted opportunity value used in planning.

This project carried an Estimated NET Revenue of $205,000 and a win probability of 40 percent, a weighted opportunity value of $82,000. Added to signed backlog, weighted opportunity value forms a planning view of future work, not committed revenue.

× = Estimated NetRevenue WinProbability WeightedOpportunity Value + = SignedBacklog WeightedOpportunity Value Planning View ofFuture Work Staffing and Capacity Discussion
Pursuit to planning view. Weighted opportunity value plus signed backlog forms a planning view of future work.
  • ?What evidence supports the revenue estimate and the probability?
  • ?What change would require the forecast to be updated?
Use this view to: Treat Weighted Opportunity Value as a planning input until the work is awarded.

Week 2 applies this model. The Go/No-Go process produces the Estimated NET Revenue and win probability used in the planning view.

5

Formula reference

The five formulas

Formula
Gross Revenue − Direct Expenses − Reimbursable Expenses = Net Service Revenue
Direct Labor Cost × Direct Labor Multiplier = Billing Rate
Direct Labor Multiplier = Net Service Revenue ÷ Direct Labor
Overhead Factor = Overhead ÷ Direct Labor
Estimated NET Revenue × Win Probability = Weighted Opportunity Value
Direct Labor Multiplier 3.25  ·  Overhead Factor 1.60  ·  Profit Target 20 percent

Financial figures current as of July 2026. Confirm current values before pricing or planning.

Return to the Written Lesson
Review how these figures connect to the pursuit sequence.
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